# HTML & CSS

## **HTML & CSS Mastery Roadmap**

This **detailed roadmap** will take you from **beginner to expert** in **HTML & CSS**, covering **fundamentals, layouts, animations, responsiveness, best practices, and real-world projects**.

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### **Phase 1: HTML & CSS Fundamentals**

✅ **HTML Basics**

* Structure of an HTML Document (`<!DOCTYPE html>`, `<html>`, `<head>`, `<body>`)
* Common Tags (`<h1>-<h6>`, `<p>`, `<a>`, `<img>`, `<br>`, `<hr>`)
* Forms & Inputs (`<form>`, `<input>`, `<textarea>`, `<select>`)
* Semantic HTML (`<header>`, `<footer>`, `<section>`, `<article>`)

✅ **CSS Basics**

* Selectors (`class`, `id`, `attribute`, `nth-child`)
* Box Model (`margin`, `border`, `padding`, `content`)
* Colors, Backgrounds & Gradients (`rgba()`, `linear-gradient`)
* Fonts & Text Styles (`@font-face`, `Google Fonts`)

📌 **Mini Projects:**

* **Simple Portfolio Page**
* **Contact Form with Basic Styling**

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### **Phase 2: Layouts & Responsive Design**

✅ **CSS Layouts**

* Flexbox (`display: flex;`, `justify-content`, `align-items`)
* Grid (`display: grid;`, `grid-template-columns`, `grid-gap`)
* Positioning (`absolute`, `relative`, `fixed`, `sticky`)

✅ **Responsive Web Design (RWD)**

* Media Queries (`@media (max-width: 768px)`)
* Fluid Layouts (`max-width`, `vh`, `vw`)
* Mobile-First Design Approach

📌 **Mini Projects:**

* **Responsive Blog Layout (Flexbox + Grid)**
* **E-commerce Product Page (RWD + Media Queries)**

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### **Phase 3: Advanced CSS & Animations**

✅ **CSS Advanced Styling**

* Pseudo-Elements & Pseudo-Classes (`::before`, `::after`, `:hover`, `:nth-child`)
* Custom Properties (CSS Variables) (`--main-color: #ff4500;`)
* Dark Mode (`prefers-color-scheme`)

✅ **CSS Animations & Effects**

* Transitions & Hover Effects (`transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;`)
* Keyframe Animations (`@keyframes`)
* Scroll Animations (`intersection observer`, `scroll-behavior: smooth;`)

📌 **Mini Projects:**

* **Animated Landing Page**
* **Dark Mode Toggle with CSS Variables**

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### **Phase 4: UI Components & Best Practices**

✅ **Reusable UI Components**

* Buttons (`hover`, `active`, `focus` states)
* Cards (`box-shadow`, `border-radius`)
* Navigation Bars (`fixed`, `sticky`, `dropdown menus`)

✅ **Performance & Accessibility (A11Y)**

* Image Optimization (`srcset`, `loading="lazy"`)
* CSS Performance Optimization (`will-change`, `contain`)
* Accessibility Best Practices (`alt`, `aria-label`)

📌 **Mini Projects:**

* **Modern UI Component Library (Buttons, Cards, Modals)**
* **Full Landing Page with UI Components**

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### **Phase 5: Full Projects & Real-World Development**

✅ **CSS Preprocessors & Frameworks**

* SCSS/SASS (`@mixin`, `@extend`, `nesting`)
* Utility-First CSS (Tailwind CSS concepts)

✅ **Final Projects & Portfolio Building**

* **Personal Portfolio Website**
* **E-commerce Website with CSS Grid & Animations**
* **Interactive Web App (UI-heavy)**

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### **Final Step: Real-World Practice & Skill Testing**

🔥 **Platforms to Test & Improve Skills:**

* [MDN Web Docs (HTML & CSS)](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/)
* [CSS Tricks](https://css-tricks.com/)
* [Frontend Mentor](https://www.frontendmentor.io/)

🚀 **By mastering this roadmap, you’ll be able to:**\
✅ **Build Fully Responsive Websites**\
✅ **Create Advanced CSS Animations & UI Components**\
✅ **Develop High-Performance & Accessible Web Apps**

🔥 **Start designing with HTML & CSS now!**
