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hackerrankCybersecurity & Hacking

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Cybersecurity & Ethical Hacking Mastery Roadmap

This detailed roadmap will take you from beginner to expert in Cybersecurity, Ethical Hacking, Bug Bounty, Network Penetration Testing, and Reverse Engineering. It covers fundamentals, tools, advanced attack techniques, security frameworks, real-world scenarios, and projects.

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Phase 1: Fundamentals of Cybersecurity

✅ Introduction to Cybersecurity

  • What is Cybersecurity? Importance in real-world applications

  • Difference between Ethical Hacking, Penetration Testing, and Bug Bounty

  • White Hat, Black Hat, and Gray Hat Hackers

  • Cybersecurity Career Paths (Red Team, Blue Team, Purple Team)

✅ Basic Networking Concepts

  • OSI & TCP/IP Model

  • IP Addressing, Subnetting, DNS, DHCP

  • Protocols: HTTP(S), FTP, SSH, Telnet, ICMP

  • VPNs, Proxies, and Firewalls

✅ Linux & Windows for Cybersecurity

  • Linux Fundamentals (CLI, Filesystem, Permissions)

  • Essential Bash Scripting for Automation

  • Windows Security (Registry, Powershell, Event Logs)

📌 Mini Projects:

  • Set up a personal Cyber Lab (Virtual Machines, Kali Linux, Windows Sandbox)

  • Packet Sniffing with Wireshark

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Phase 2: Ethical Hacking & Penetration Testing

✅ Reconnaissance & Information Gathering

  • Passive Recon (Google Dorking, OSINT, Shodan, theHarvester)

  • Active Recon (Nmap, Netcat, WHOIS, Subdomain Enumeration)

✅ Scanning & Enumeration

  • Port Scanning (nmap, masscan)

  • Web Recon (dirb, dirsearch, ffuf, whatweb)

  • Banner Grabbing & Service Detection

✅ Exploitation Basics

  • Brute Force Attacks (Hydra, John the Ripper, hashcat)

  • Web Exploitation (Burp Suite, SQLMap, XSS, LFI, RFI)

  • Exploit Frameworks (Metasploit, ExploitDB, Searchsploit)

📌 Mini Projects:

  • Capture the Flag (CTF) Challenges (TryHackMe, HackTheBox)

  • SQL Injection Attack on a Test Website

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Phase 3: Advanced Cybersecurity & Exploitation

✅ Advanced Web Application Security

  • OWASP Top 10 Vulnerabilities

  • Web Shells, RCE, SSRF, CSRF Attacks

  • HTTP Request Smuggling, API Security Testing

✅ Privilege Escalation & Post-Exploitation

  • Windows Privilege Escalation (winPEAS, PowerUp)

  • Linux Privilege Escalation (linPEAS, GTFOBins)

  • Credential Dumping (Mimikatz, LaZagne)

✅ Network & Wireless Security

  • MITM Attacks (ettercap, bettercap, arpspoof)

  • Wi-Fi Cracking (Aircrack-ng, Reaver, Wifite)

  • Sniffing & Spoofing (Wireshark, tcpdump)

📌 Mini Projects:

  • Exploit a Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability

  • Perform a MITM Attack on a Test Network

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Phase 4: Bug Bounty Hunting & Red Teaming

✅ Bug Bounty Hunting Basics

  • How to find security vulnerabilities in web applications

  • Responsible Disclosure & Reporting Vulnerabilities

  • Tools for Bug Hunting (Burp Suite, Amass, Subfinder, Nuclei)

✅ Red Teaming Techniques

  • Initial Access: Phishing, Social Engineering, Payload Generation (Empire, Evilginx)

  • Lateral Movement: Pivoting & Tunneling (Chisel, ProxyChains)

  • Persistence & Evasion (C2 Frameworks, Obfuscation Techniques)

📌 Mini Projects:

  • Find & Report a Bug in a Bug Bounty Platform

  • Simulate a Red Team Attack in a Virtual Lab

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Phase 5: Reverse Engineering & Malware Analysis

✅ Reverse Engineering Basics

  • Static Analysis (Ghidra, IDA Pro, Radare2)

  • Dynamic Analysis (OllyDbg, x64dbg)

  • Binary Exploitation (pwntools, ROP Gadgets)

✅ Malware Development & Analysis

  • Writing & Analyzing Shellcodes

  • Understanding Windows API Calls (sysinternals, Process Monitor)

  • Obfuscation & Anti-Detection Techniques

📌 Mini Projects:

  • Reverse Engineer a Simple Program

  • Analyze a Malware Sample in a Safe Environment

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Final Phase: Real-World Applications & Certifications

✅ Cybersecurity Certifications (Optional but Valuable)

  • Beginner: CompTIA Security+, CEH

  • Advanced: OSCP (Offensive Security Certified Professional), CISSP, GPEN

✅ Final Projects & Portfolio Building

  • Develop a Custom Web Security Scanner

  • Build an Automated Recon Script for Bug Bounty

  • Create a Personal Cybersecurity Blog to Share Findings

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Final Step: Real-World Practice & Skill Testing

🔥 Platforms to Practice Ethical Hacking:

🚀 By mastering this roadmap, you’ll be able to: ✅ Conduct Penetration Testing & Ethical Hacking ✅ Hunt Bugs for Bug Bounty Platforms & Earn Rewards ✅ Perform Red Teaming & Advanced Cyber Attacks ✅ Secure Networks, Systems, & Applications

🔥 Start hacking ethically now! 🛡️💻

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